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Charles II Stuart, King of Britain

Charles II Stuart, King of Britain[1]

Male 1630 - 1685  (54 years)


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  • Name Charles II Stuart 
    Suffix King of Britain 
    Birth 29 May 1630  St.James Palace, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Male 
    Acceded 23 Apr 1661  Westminster Abbey, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Death 6 Feb 1685  Whitehall Palace, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Cause: Died of a stroke. 
    Burial Westminster Abbey, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Notes 
    • In exile from 1649-50 and 1651-60.
      http://www.hull.ac.uk/php/cssbct/cgi-bin/gedlkup.php/n=royal?royal00743


      http://www.thepeerage.com/p10139.htm#i101388

      Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain was born on 29 May 1630 at «u»St. James's Palace, St. James's, London, England «/u».«sup»2«/sup» He was the son of «u»Charles I Stuart, King of Great Britain «/u» and «u»Henriette Marie de Bourbon, Princesse de France«/u». He married «u»Catarina Henriqueta de Bragança, Princeza de Portugal «/u», daughter of «u»João IV de Bragança, Rei de Portugal «/u» and «u»Luiza Maria de Guzman «/u», on 21 May 1662 at «u»St. Thomas à Becket Church, Portsmouth, Hampshire, England «/u».«sup»2«/sup» He was also reported to have been married on 3 May 1662 at «u»Winchester, Hampshire, England «/u». He died on 6 February 1685 at age 54 at «u»Whitehall Palace, Whitehall, London, England «/u», from a stroke.«sup»3«/sup» He was buried on 14 February 1685 at «u»Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England «/u».«sup»3«/sup»
      Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain and «u»Elizabeth Jones, Lady Kildare «/u» were associated.«sup»1«/sup» He was created «i»1st Duke of Rothesay [England]«/i» on 29 May 1630.«sup»2«/sup» He was created «i»1st Duke of Cornwall [England]«/i» on 29 May 1630.«sup»2«/sup» He was invested as a Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 21 May 1638.«sup»2«/sup» He and «u»Elizabeth Killigrew «/u» were associated circa 1649.«sup»4«/sup» He and «u»Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland «/u» were associated between 1659 and 1668.«sup»5,6«/sup» He gained the title of «i»King Charles II of Great Britain«/i» on 8 May 1660.«sup»7«/sup» Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain also went by the nick-name of 'Old Rowley'. Charles II Stuart, King of Great Britain also went by the nick-name of 'the Merry Monarch'. He was crowned King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith on 23 April 1661 at «u»Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England «/u».«sup»7«/sup» He and «u»Catherine Pegge «/u» were associated. He and «u»Lucy Walter «/u» were associated. He and «u»Eleanor Gywnne «/u» were associated. He and «u»Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth «/u» were associated. He and «u»Mary Davies «/u» were associated circa 1672. He and «u»Jane Middleton «/u» were associated in 1678.«sup»8«/sup»
      When his father's cause was lost in 1646 he went to the Isles of Scilly then Jersey and on to France. In 1650 he was crowned King of the Scots at Scone. He invaded England in 1651 and was beaten by Cromwell at the Battle of Worcester and after the battle hid in an oak tree. With difficulty he escaped to France. Returning to England in 1660 he was welcomed as King. Plague struck the country in 1665 killing over 60,000 in London alone and in the next year the Great Fire made 200,000 homeless. That was not all, the Dutch Fleet sailed up the Medway and England had to sue for peace. After the Great Fire, Sir Christopher Wren built a new and better London. Charles had St James Park re-created and built Chelsea Hospital for old soldiers. He supported the sciences, founding Greenwich Observatory and the Royal Society. Boyle Halley and Newton are illustrious names of his reign and Nell Gwynn will be remembered for other reasons. His Chief Minister was Clarendon who freed the Church of its Cromwellian past. Titus Oates raised the alarm of a Popish plot and many Catholics were executed. Charles himself was a Catholic, certainly just before his death and probably before. He had many mistresses and the future Duke of Monmouth was his illegitimate son. Of twenty-six dukes in England today, five are descendants on the wrong side of the blanket of Charles II. His neice was married to William of Orange, as a diplomatic measure. He brought much needed elegance to the land. He has an extensive biographical entry in the «i»Dictionary of National Biography.«sup»9«/sup»«/i»
      1. Unknown Maubois, "re: Penancoet Family," e-mail message from unknown author e-mail (France) to Darryl Roger Lundy, 2 December 2008. Hereinafter cited as "re: Penancoet Family".
      2. Alison Weir, «i»Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy«/i» (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 253. Hereinafter cited as «i»Britain's Royal Family«/i».
      3. Alison Weir, «i»Britain's Royal Family«/i», page 257
      4. G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, «i»The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed.«/i», 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume XI, page 655. Hereinafter cited as «i»The Complete Peerage«/i».
      5. Cokayne, and others, «i»The Complete Peerage«/i», volume III, page 91.
      6. Cokayne, and others, «i»The Complete Peerage«/i», volume III, page 280.
      7. C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, «i»DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year«/i» (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 21. Hereinafter cited as «i»DeBretts Peerage, 1949«/i».
      8. G. Steinman, «i»A Memoir of Mrs. Middleton: great beauty of the time of Charles II«/i» (n.n.: n.n., 1864). Hereinafter cited as «i»A Memoir of Mrs. Middleton«/i».
      9. Matthew H.C.G., editor, «i»Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM«/i» (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995), reference "Charles II, 1630-1685". Hereinafter cited as «i»Dictionary of National Biography«/i».
      19. Alison Weir, «i»Britain's Royal Family«/i», page 256.
      11. Cokayne, and others, «i»The Complete Peerage«/i», volume II, page 366.
      12. Cokayne, and others, «i»The Complete Peerage«/i», volume III, page 282.
      13. Charles Mosley, editor, «i»Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes«/i» (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 2, page 1616. Hereinafter cited as «i»Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition«/i».
      14. Alison Weir, «i»Britain's Royal Family«/i», page 255.
      15. Charles Mosley, «i»Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition«/i», volume 3, page 3335.
    Person ID I16538  Glenn Cook Family
    Last Modified 27 Jan 2009 

    Father Charles I Stuart, King of Britain,   b. 19 Nov 1600, Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 30 Jan 1649, Whitehall Palace, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 48 years) 
    Mother Henrietta Maria of France de Bourbon,   b. 26 Nov 1609, Hotel du Louvre, Paris, France Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 31 Aug 1669, Château St Colombes, Near Paris, France Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 59 years) 
    Marriage 13 Jun 1625  Saint Augustine's Church, Canterbury, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F7875  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Catherine Henriqueta de Bragança,   b. 25 Nov 1638, Vila Viçosa, Lisbon, Portugal Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 1 Dec 1705, Bemposta Palace, Lisbon, Portugal Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 67 years) 
    Marriage 21 May 1662  St Thomas à Becket Church, Portsmouth, Hampshire, England Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F551612083  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 25 Jan 2008 

    Family 2 Lucy Walter,   b. Abt 1630   d. 1658 (Age ~ 28 years) 
    Marriage Type: Associated with 
    _STAT Associated with 
    Children 
     1. Mary Stuart   d. Abt 1693
     2. James Crofts Scott, Duke of Monmouth,   b. 9 Mar 1649, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 15 Jul 1685, Tower Hill, London, England Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 36 years)
    Family ID F551612084  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 26 Jan 2009 

    Family 3 Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland,   b. 1641   d. 9 Oct 1709 (Age 68 years) 
    Marriage Type: Associated with 
    _STAT Associated with 
    Children 
     1. Charles FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Southampton,   b. 18 Jun 1662   d. 9 Sep 1730 (Age 68 years)
     2. Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton,   b. 28 Sep 1663   d. 9 Oct 1690 (Age 27 years)
     3. Charlotte FitzRoy,   b. 1664   d. 1717 (Age 53 years)
     4. George FitzRoy, Duke of Northumberland,   b. 28 Dec 1665, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 28 Jun 1716, Epsom, Surrey Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 50 years)
    Family ID F7874  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 9 Feb 2008 

    Family 4 Louise Renée de Penancoët, de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth,   b. Sep 1649, Kérouaille Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 14 Nov 1734, Paris, France Find all individuals with events at this location (Age ~ 85 years) 
    Marriage Type: Associated with 
    _STAT Associated with 
    Children 
     1. Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond,   b. 29 Jul 1672, London, England Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 27 May 1723, Goodwood, Sussex, England Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 50 years)
    Family ID F551615214  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 26 Jan 2009 

  • Photos
    Stuart, Charles II, King of Britain    		Stuart, Charles II, King of Britain
    Charles II of England    		Charles II of England
    King of England, Scots and Ireland
    Charles_II_of_England.jpg    		Charles_II_of_England.jpg
    King Charles II, the first monarch to rule after the English Restoration.
    The_children_of_Charles_I_of_England-painting_by_Sir_Anthony_van_Dyck_in_1637.jpg    		The_children_of_Charles_I_of_England-painting_by_Sir_Anthony_van_Dyck_in_1637.jpg
    Painting of Charles I's children. The future Charles II is depicted at centre, stroking the dog.
    Charles II, King of Great Britain    		Charles II, King of Great Britain
    by Sir Peter Ley

  • Sources 
    1. [S36] Brian Tompsett, Dept of Computer Science, University of Hull, England(B.C.Tompsett@dcs.hull.ac.uk), Directory of Royal Genealogical Data, (This work is Copyright b 1994-2002 Brian C Tompsett).



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