 - Yes, date unknown
-
| Name |
Hiv |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
Yes, date unknown |
| Notes |
- «b»http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bible#cite_note-7
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sons_of_Noah
«/b»"the «u»Hivite «/u»", offspring of Canaan
«b»http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hivites
«/b»The «b»Hivites«/b» were one group of descendants of «u»Canaan «/u», son of «u»Ham «/u», according to the «u»Table of Nations «/u» in «u»Genesis 10 «/u» (esp. 10:17).
«u»Genesis 15:18-21 «/u» does not list the Hivites as being in the «u»land that was promised «/u» to the descendants of Abraham.«u»[1]«/u» However, some 100 years later, «u»Genesis 36:2 «/u» mentions that one of «u»Esau «/u»'s wives was "«u»Oholibamah «/u» the daughter of Anah, the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite" who is also described as "of the daughters of Canaan". The reference to "the daughters of Canaan" is considered to relate to their descent from the ancestor Canaan and to be a reference to a cultural distinctiveness or tribal affiliation, more than a reference to the geographical area of Canaan. By the time that «u»Jacob «/u» returns with his family to Canaan, «u»Genesis 34 «/u» describes Hivites as rulers of the region of «u»Shechem «/u».
From the «u»Book of Joshua «/u», we know that the Hivites were one of seven national groups living in the land of «u»Canaan «/u» when the «u»Israelites «/u»under «u»Joshua «/u» commenced their conquest of the land. («u»Joshua 9:1 «/u») They are referred to as one of the seven nations to be removed from the land of Canaan - «u»Hittites «/u» (Neo-Hittites), «u»Girgashites «/u», «u»Amorites«/u», «u»Canaanites «/u», «u»Perizzites «/u», Hivites and «u»Jebusites «/u» («u»Exodus 34:11 «/u», «u»23:23 «/u», «u»Deuteronomy 7:1-3 «/u») - and whose «u»land had been promised «/u» to the Children of Israel. («u»Exodus 3:8 «/u») However, it appears that Hivites continued to be a separate cultural group within the land of Israel until at least the time of «u»Solomon «/u», and it is not clear if, when or how they ceased to be a separate group before the Israelite kingdoms came to an end.
No name resembling Hivite has yet been found in Egyptian or Babylonian inscriptions.
«b»Etymology
«/b»According to the «u»Table of Nations «/u» («u»Genesis «/u» 10), the Hivites are one of the descendants of «u»Canaan «/u», son of «u»Ham «/u». (Also «u»1 Chronicles 1:13-15 «/u»)
A possible origin of the name may come from the «u»Hebrew «/u» word «i»chava«/i» ( ) which means «i»tent dweller«/i».
There appears to be a possible connection (or confusion) between the Hivites and the «u»Horites «/u». In «u»Genesis 36:2 «/u» a Hivite named Zibeon is also described in «u»Genesis 36:20-30 «/u» as a Horite. Others claim that this is as a result of a scribal error, as both Hivites (Hebrew: ) and Horites (Hebrew: ) differ in spelling by one letter of roughly similar shape. According to traditional Hebrew sources, the name "Hivites" is related to the «u»Aramaic «/u» word "Khiv'va" (HVVA), meaning "snake", since they sniffed the ground like snakes looking for fertile land.
Scholars have sought to identify the biblical Hivites with (a) the Greek «u»Achaeans«/u» known from «u»Homer «/u»; (b) the «u»Hurrians «/u» \endash one of the most important peoples in the ancient Near East \endash who are otherwise unmentioned in the Hebrew Bible; or (c) settlers, who went to Shechem and the other locations from «u»Cilicia «/u», a region in Asia Minor, which is called «u»Kue «/u» in the Bible («u»1 Kings 10:28 «/u») and «i»huwi«/i» in cuneiform sources.«u»[2]«/u»
«b»Location
«/b»The Hivites dwelted in the mountainous regions of «u»Canaan «/u» stretching from «u»Lebanon «/u» \endash specifically Lebo Hamath («u»Judges 3:3 «/u») - and «u»Mt. Hermon «/u» («u»Joshua 11:3 «/u») in the north to the central Benjamin plateau in the Hill country just north of «u»Jerusalem «/u». Within this region we find specific enclaves of Hivites mentioned in the «u»Bible «/u». «u»Genesis 34 «/u» describes Hivites ruling the region of «u»Shechem «/u».
Further south there were the four Hivite towns \endash «u»Gibeon «/u», Kephirah, Beeroth and «u»Kiriath Jearim «/u» («u»Joshua 9:17 «/u») \endash involved in the deception of «u»Joshua «/u». («u»Joshua 9:3-27 «/u»)
«u»Joshua 11:3 «/u» described the Hivites as being "under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh" and in «u»2 Samuel 24:7 «/u» they are mentioned immediately after "the stronghold of Tyre."
«b»Cultural distinctiveness
«/b»Several key features can be inferred about the cultural distinctiveness of the Hivite peoples.
First, in «u»Genesis 34:2 «/u» it is mentioned that «u»Shechem «/u» the son of Hamor was a Hivite. In «u»Genesis 34:14 «/u», we find that the Hivites did not practice male «u»circumcision «/u», one of the few peoples living in the land of «u»Canaan «/u» that did not. «u»Circumcision «/u», as a practice was quite common among the peoples existing in the land of «u»Canaan «/u». «u»Egyptians «/u», «u»Edomites «/u», «u»Ammonites «/u», «u»Moabites «/u», and other various proto-Canaanite tribes practiced male «u»circumcision «/u» along with the «u»Hebrews «/u» Other than Israel's arch-nemesis \endash the «u»Philistines «/u» \endash the Hivites appear to be an exception to the rule of «u»circumcision «/u» which does lend them quite a distinction among the tribes of «u»Canaan «/u» during this time period.
The Hivites continued to exist as a distinct people group at least until the time of «u»David «/u», when they were counted in a regional «u»census «/u» taken at this time. («u»2 Samuel 24:1-7 «/u») During the reign of «u»Solomon «/u», they are described as part of the slave labor for his many building projects. («u»1 Kings 9:20-21 «/u», «u»2 Chronicles 8:7-8 «/u»)
In «u»Joshua 9 «/u», «u»Joshua «/u» had ordered the Hivites of «u»Gibeon «/u» to be wood gatherers and water carriers for the Temple of «u»YHWH «/u». However, there is no evidence of Hivite involvement in «u»Temple of Solomon «/u» in later passages.
«u»Deuteronomy 7:3 «/u» forbade Israelites from marrying Hivites, because they followed other gods; but it is not clear how strictly the prohibition was observed.
It appears that the Hivite cultural distinctiveness ceased before the «u»Assyrian «/u» conquest of the northern «u»Kingdom of Israel «/u» in the 8th century BCE, and the «u»Babylonian «/u»conquest of the southern «u»Kingdom of Judah «/u» in the 6th century BCE, each with consequential population deportations.
«b»References
«u»1. ^«/u»«/b» The group is not listed in the Hebrew text but appears in the «u»Septuagint «/u».
«u»«b»2. ^«/u»«/b» «u»Answers.com <http://www.answers.com/topic/hivites>«/u»
«tab» Barker, Burdick, Stek, Wessel, Youngblood (Eds.). (1995). «i»The New International Version Study Bible.«/i» (10th Ann ed). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
«tab»Bright, John. (2000). «i»A History of Israel.«/i» (4th ed.). Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press.
«tab»DeVaux, Roland. (1997). «i»Ancient Israel.«/i» (John McHugh, Trans.) Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
«tab»Freedman, David Noel (Ed.). (2000). «i»Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible.«/i» (pp. 597) Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
«tab»Wood, Millard, Packer, Wiseman, Marshall (Eds.). (1996). «i»New Bible Dictionary«/i» (3rd ed.) (pp. 477). Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press.
«tab»
|
| Person ID |
I61581 |
Glenn Cook Family |
| Last Modified |
8 Dec 2009 |
|
|
